Ramkrisna
Paramhansa, said the essence of The Gita can be deciphered simply by reversing
the syllables that constitute Gita. So Gita, or gi-ta becomes ta-gi or tyagi,
which means ‘one who lets go of possession’.
Everyone
has access to a slice (bhaga); the one who sees all slices of truth is
bhaga-van. Limited truth is mithya. Limitless truth is satya. Satya is about
including everything and being whole (purnam). The journey towards limitless truth
expands our mind (brahmana).
There are
many Gita’s – there is ‘The Gita’ in the Mahabharata and Other Gitas in our
Puranas.
- Vyadh Gita or the Butchers song, dealing with Dharma, Karma and Atma - In Book 3 on Vana Parva
- The Bhagavad Gita or God's Gita,
- In Ashwmedika Parva, Book 14 of Mahbharata, Arjuna overhears Krishna present the very short Kama Gita to his eldest brother: *
- When Arjun ask Krishna to repeat what he had said in the beginning of the war; when Krishan was about to leave to Dwaraka, Krishna repeats it which is 'Anu Gita' which is also part of Ashwmedika Parva, Book 14
- In the Shanti Parva, Book 12, Bhishma reveals 9 Gita's to Pandavas; the Prostitute's song (Pingala Gita), the priest's song (Sampaka Gita), the farmer's song (Manki Gita), the ascetic's song (Bodhya Gita), the king's song ( Vichaknu Gita), the retired man's song (Harita Gita), the demon's song (Vritra Gita), the philosopher's song (Parasara Gita) and the swan's song (Hansa Gita).
- Outside the Mahabharat, there are the Ashtavakra Gita, Vasishtha Gita, Ram Gita, Shiva Gita, Devi Gita, Ganesha Gita and many more
Gita
reading took place in 5 waves over 1200 years.
1st
– Sanskrit commentaries by Vedic scholars – Adi Shankara , Ramanuja and Madhava
Acharya
2nd
– Retelling in regional language
3rd
– Translation by Europeans
4th
– Retranslation by Indians
5th
– Reframing
It is in
the second phase, that The Gita was personified as a goddess, and hymns were
composed to meditate on her (Gita Dhyana) and her glory was celebrated (Gita
Mahatmya). Gita Jayanti, the eleventh day of the waxing moon in the moon of
Margashisha (December) was identified as the day wen Krishna revealed this wisdom
to Arjuna and the world.
The
Bhagavad Gita, of course remain the most widely read of the Gita. It is so
popular that when someone say Gita, this is what w are reminded of. The BG has
700 verses in its final form split into 18 chapters, of which 574 are spoken by
Krishna, 84 by Arjuna, 41 by Sanjaya and 1 by Dhritarashtra. It is a
conversation though it does seem like a discourse, which takes place over 90
minutes while fully armed soldiers on either side wait impatiently to battle. Whether
this event is a time-bound physical objective truth (history) or a timeless
psychological subjective truth (mythology) remains a matter of opinion.
The Gita
demonstrates many modern techniques of communication. First, Arjuna’s problem
is presented (Chapter 1) and then Krishna’s solution (Chapter 2 to 18) is
offered. Krishna begins by telling Arjuna what he will reveal (Chapter 2); he
then elaborate on what he promised to tell (chapter 3 to 17) and finally, he repeats
what he told (chapter 18). Krishna’s solution involves analysis (sankhya) and
synthesis (yoga) – slicing the whole into parts and then binding the parts into
a whole.
Chapter 1
gives the problem, Chapter 2 and 18 gives the summary with 2 to 18 containing
the solutions.
Chapter 1
to 6 is Karma Yoga.
Chapter 7
to 12 is Bhakti Yoga and
Chapter 13
to 18 is Gyana Yoga.
The
solution itself is comprehensive, involving the behavioural (karma yoga), the
emotional (bhakti yoga) and the intellectual (gyana yoga).
Bhagvad
Gita is not liner it is scattered, but this book is:
- · Thematic
- · Subjective
- · Not obsessed with Self
What I am
is Jivatma, and What you are is Para-atma; together we can become Param-atma;
what you and I and the whole world can become.
Human body
is a city with 9 gates (nava-dvara-pura). So says Chapter 5, verse 13 of BG. Two
eyes, two ear, two nostrils, one mouth, one anus and one genital. A
relationship involves two bodies, two people, the self and the other, you and
me, two cities – 18 gates in all. Gita has 18 sections, Mahabharata 18 books,
war was fought over 18 days, the core teaching of ‘The BG’ has much to do with
relationship. It serves the needs of the householder rather than the hermit.
Our relationship
with the other, be it a thing or an organism, and the other relationship with
u, is what determines our humanity. And this is a timeless (sanatana) truth (satya),
a discovery of our ancestors.
Few beautiful concepts described in the book are to have:
- No Judgement by having Dharshan
- Atma - Rebirth
- Deha - experience life differently
- Dehi - Seek meaning
- Karma - You and I have to face consequence : E+R=O
- Dharma - we can empathise - Reaisation
- Yagna - We can exchange
- Yoga - Introspection - Withdraw fear
- Deva- Asura Trust
- Bhagavan - Have potential
- Expand Mind - Brahmana - Inclusive
- Contracting the mind - Avatar - Accommodate
- Tendency of matter - Guna - No control
- Proprietorship - Kshetra - Value property
- Meaurment - Maya - Compare
- Attachment - Moha - Cling
- Liberation - Moksha - Can be generous
- Union - Brahma - Nirvana - Matter to each other
On Violence: